To achieve this, first, we introduce a canonical representation in the form of a Signal-Flow Graph (SFG), which is used to functionally map the two representations from separate modeling levels. This ...

Author’s note: This article shows how to derive circuit gain equations via a signal flow graph. With practice you may be able to write a gain equation by locating signal paths and loops in the ...

Concepts of feedback; open loop and closed loop systems. Feedback in electrical and mechanical systems. Mathematical models of systems and linear approximations. Transfer functions of linear systems, ...