Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

Some applications require a positive voltage to be generated from a negative input voltage. This can be done either by using a transformer based topology, such as a flyback converter, or with a ...

All systems can be understood using an input-process-output (IPO) model, and the system we call “innovation” is no exception. This model is likely familiar to you from information technology and ...

Understanding the feed-forward mechanism is required in order to create a neural network that solves difficult practical problems such as predicting the result of a football game or the movement of a ...