Volatile and non-volatile memory are both vital parts of modern computers and devices, but how do they work together?

There are so many things we approximate to make life simple. Wires, for example, have no resistance or other strange effects. Crystal oscillators output their exact frequency. But surely our model ...

The kernel makes extensive use of per-CPU data as a way to avoid contention between processors and improve scalability. Using the same technique in user space is harder, though, since there is little ...

The memory wall is no longer a theoretical concern. It’s the defining bottleneck in today’s AI, automotive, and data center system-on-chips (SoCs). CPUs operate at GHz frequencies with single-digit ...

The AMD Ryzen 7 9800X3D set new benchmarks in gaming performance with its impressive 96 MB L3 V-Cache. But how does memory ...

A comparison of physical vs. virtual memory starts with two goals that are technically difficult to achieve together. The ideal computer has an enormous memory but is still inexpensive. A large memory ...